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>> HI, I'M MARTY.

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WE ARE COMING TO YOU LIVE FROM

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THE SMITHSONIAN AIR AND SPACE

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MUSEUM IN WASHINGTON D.C.

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>> WE WANT TO WELCOME PROVIDENCE

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MIDDLE SCHOOL.

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[CHEERS AND APPLAUSE]

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>> RANDY BRESNIK AND PAOLO

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NESPOLI CONDUCTED MORE THAN 60

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EXPERIMENTS.

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>> WE'LL BE TALKING TO BOTH OF

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THEM TODAY.

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THIS IS SEVEN IN 30.

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♪

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>> THIS IS STEM IN 30.

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>> WE ARE JOINED BY RANDY

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BRESNIK AND PAOLO NESPOLI.

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THANK YOU FOR JOINING US.

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>> HAPPY TO BE HERE.

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>> YOU ARE WATCHING ON-LINE ON

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Facebook, GO TO THE COMMENTS

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SECTION AND SUBMIT YOUR

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QUESTIONS.

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ANYTHING YOU WANTED TO KNOW

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ABOUT AN ASTRONAUT IS FAIR GAME.

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LIKE IF THEY LIKE CIRCUS PEANUTS

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OR NOT.

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IF YOU DON'T HAVE A QUESTION,

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TELL US WHERE YOU ARE WATCHING

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FROM.

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WE HAVE A FEW FRIENDS WHO ARE

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GOING TO ASK THE FIRST QUESTION.

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GO AHEAD.

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>> WHAT WAS MORE STRESSFUL,

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BEING ON EARTH, SPACE OR COMING

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BACK.

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>> WE HAD THE UNFORTUNATE

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OCCURRENCE OF WHILE WE WERE IN

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SPACE HAVING A HURRICANE GO

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THROUGH HOUSTON.

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EVEN THOUGH I WENT THROUGH SOME

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PHYSICAL STRESS OF GOING TO IRAQ

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OR COMING BACK FROM 17,500 MILES

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AN HOUR TO ZERO, TO ME WAS

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WATCHING HURRICANE HARVEY GO

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OVER HOUSTON WHILE MY WIFE AND

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TWO KIDS WERE UNDERNEATH IT.

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>> I WOULD AGREE ON THAT.

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WE DO A LOT OF THINGS IN SPACE

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THAT AREN'T STRESSFUL, BUT YOU

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NEED TO HAVE TO BE INVOLVED WITH

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IT.

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BUT THINKING OF WHAT THE PEOPLE

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ARE DOING.

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BECAUSE WE HAVE CONTROL.

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WE THINK WE HAVE CONTROL OF WHAT

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HAPPENS UP THERE.

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BUT YOU REALLY DON'T KNOW WHAT

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IS GOING ON DOWN THERE.

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I WOULD AGREE WITH RANDY.

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>> WHAT WAS THE HARDEST THING TO

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GET USED TO WHEN YOU CAME BACK

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FROM SPACE?

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>> HARDEST THING TO GET USED TO,

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WHEN YOU GET UP TO SPACE, RIGHT

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NOW WE HAVE THE HAIRS IN OUR

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EARS THAT GIVES US OUR BALANCE.

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WHEN YOU GET TO SPACE, THAT ALL

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STOPS.

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THERE IS NO GRAVITY TO MOVE THE

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FLUID IN YOUR EAR.

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WE MOVE AROUND BY WHAT WE SEE

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AND TOUCH.

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WHEN YOU COME BACK TO EARTH, ALL

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OF A SUDDEN THAT STARTS MOVING

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AGAIN, AND GIVING US THOSE

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SENSATIONS.

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WHEN WE HAD TO MOVE, I SAT ON

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THE LEFT AND WE HAD TO SIT ON

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THE CENTER HATCH WHEN WE WERE ON

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THE GROUND.

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WE HAD TO GO THIS WAY WHILE IT

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FELT WE WERE TUMBLING.

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AND SO GETTING THAT INNER EAR

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BACK UP TO SPEED TOOK SEVERAL

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DAYS.

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THAT WAS FOR ME THE MOST

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DIFFICULT PART.

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>> I WOULD SAY QUICKLY THAT I

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GOT TO SPACE AND I KIND OF

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THOUGHT I WAS SPIDER MAN AND

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SUPERMAN.

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FLYING ON THE CEILING, DOING

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THIS, PICKING UP STUFF.

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THEN SUDDENLY I'M BACK ON EARTH

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AND GRAVITY GETS HOLD OF ME.

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AND THAT WAS REALLY, REALLY

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HARD.

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I FELT LIKE I WAS CHAINED TO THE

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SEAT, BARELY WALK.

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THAT WAS THE MOST STRONG.

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NOT ANY MORE BEING ABLE TO FLY

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UP TO THE CEILING AND DO THINGS.

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>> GREAT QUESTIONS GUYS.

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YOU SPENT 139 DAYS IN SPACE.

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CAN YOU TELL US ABOUT THAT

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MISSION.

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>> SURE.

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WE ENDED UP FLYING UP THERE.

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NATIONAL SPACE STATION HAS BEEN

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UP THERE 20 YEARS.

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ONE-THIRD OF NASA'S LIFETIME WE

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HAVE HAD THE SPACE STATION.

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HUMAN BEINGS HAVE BEEN MANNING

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THE SPACE STATION FOR 18 YEARS

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IS AMAZING.

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WE HAVE A CREW FROM THREE TO

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TWO, NOW A CREW OF SIX UP THERE.

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THAT IS OUR STANDARD CREW SIZE.

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WE WENT UP THERE AND JOINED THE

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CREW OF EXPEDITION 52.

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THEY HAD BEEN UP THERE FOR

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SEVERAL MONTHS.

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WE JOINED THEM, OUR CREW OF

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THREE, AND WE WERE UP THERE.

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WE HAD EXPEDITION 52 FOR FIVE

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WEEKS, THEY LEFT AND ANOTHER

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CREW CAME UP ON A DIFFERENT

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SOYUZ.

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THAT'S THE CREW YOU SEE ON THE

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SCREEN, EXPEDITION 53.

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WE WERE JOINED BY MARK VAN TODAY

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HIGH AND JOE ACABA.

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HE ACTUALLY HAD BEEN A TEACHER.

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WHEN HE WAS SELECTED TO BE AN

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ASTRONAUT, HE WAS TEACHING

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SCIENCE AND MATH IN SCHOOL AND

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BECAME AN ASTRONAUT.

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SO THEY JOINED US FOR EXPEDITION

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53.

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WE RIDE UP AND DOWN TO THE SPACE

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STATION IN THE SOYUZ SPACECRAFT.

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IT IS A VERY SMALL SPACECRAFT.

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IT'S DESIGNED TO GET US UP AND

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BACK AND THAT'S IT.

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IT'S ONLY THIS BIG.

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IMAGINE PAOLO AND I AND SOMEBODY

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ELSE IN A SPACE SUIT IN

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SOMETHING THIS BIG.

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WE GO FROM 0 MILES PER HOUR TO

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17,000.

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WE DOCK TO THE SPACE STATION.

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AND THAT SOYUZ WAITS FOR US AND

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THAT'S WHAT WE COME HOME IN AS

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WELL.

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>> WE DO, WHEN WE GO TO SPACE,

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THIS IS A HOUSE LABORATORY,

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WHERE YOU LIVE AND WORK, THAT'S

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THE REASON WHY WE GO TO SPACE.

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IN THIS ENVIRONMENT WE CAN DO

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INCREDIBLE THINGS YOU CANNOT DO

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HERE ON EARTH.

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WE DO SCIENCE, TECHNOLOGY.

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YOU WAKE UP IN THE MORNING AND

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YOU START WORKING ON EXPERIMENTS

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THAT HAVE TO DO WITH CRAZY

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STUFF, GENETICS, SPINNING

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MOTORS, FLUID.

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YOU WORK ON THE CEILING, YOU

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WORK ON THE WALL, YOU WORK

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EVERYWHERE.

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TURN AROUND.

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WHAT WERE YOU DOING HERE, FOR

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EXAMPLE?

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>> WE HAVE A GLOVE BOX WHERE WE

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CAN DO SCIENCE INSIDE OF IT.

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THIS EXPERIMENT, WE ARE GROWING

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LUNG TISSUE.

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LUNG TISSUE CAN GROW PERFECTLY

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IN SPACE BECAUSE THERE'S NO

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GRAVITY CRUSHING THE CELLS.

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THEY ARE LOOKING AT CURES FOR

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CANCER.

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OUR CREW MATE DUBBED THIS THE

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CANCER SEEKING MISSILES.

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NOW WE TRY TO KILL THE CANCER

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CELLS AND AFFECTS THE REST OF

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THE BODY.

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IF WE CAN SEND OUT MEDICINES TO

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TARGET ONLY THE CANCER CELLS,

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THAT'S GOING TO BE A HUGE, HUGE

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IMPROVEMENT FOR PEOPLE THAT END

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UP HAVING CANCER.

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BECAUSE WE CAN KILL THE CANCER

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BUT NOT HARM THEIR BODY.

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IT HAS REAL APPLICATION UP THERE

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FOR WHAT WE ARE LOOKING TO DO

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DOWN HERE ON EARTH.

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>> THIS WAS ONE OF THE 300 PLUS

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EXPERIMENTS WE DID IN SPACE.

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YOU NEED MAKE SURE YOU ARE ABLE

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TO DO THINGS.

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YOU HAVE TO HANDLE STUFF, MAKE

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SURE THAT THINGS DON'T FLOAT

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AWAY.

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YOU NEED TO BE CAREFUL WHAT YOU

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ARE DOING.

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YOU DO EXPERIMENTS IN THE

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JAPANESE LABORATORY, THE

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EUROPEAN LABORATORY, THE

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AMERICAN LABORATORY, SOMETIMES

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YOU GO TO THE RUSSIAN PART OF

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THE STATION.

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SO IT'S VERY, VERY INCREDIBLE,

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QUICK STUFF THAT YOU ARE DOING.

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YOU PLAY WITH REFRIGERATORS,

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THOSE ARE COOL REFRIGERATORS,

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YOU BETTER HAVE GLOVES.

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>> MINUS 80.

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>> OTHERWISE YOUR HANDS WILL BE

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STUCK TO THE PIECES OF METAL YOU

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TAKE OUT FROM THERE.

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A LOT OF TIMES WE ARE THE GUINEA

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PIGS IN SPACE.

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YOU ARE THE SUBJECT OF THE

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INVESTIGATIONS.

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WE TAKE BLOOD, MEASURE THINGS

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AND WE PLAY DOCTOR, WE PLAY

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GUINEA PIG.

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AND THIS IS IN A RAPID

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SUCCESSION.

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WE DO SOME CRAZY EXPERIMENTS.

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THIS ONE HAD TO DO WITH FLUIDS

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IN SPACE THAT WEIGH, THE HEAT

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AND FLUIDS, VERY COMPLEX THINGS.

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WE SET IT UP SO THE SCIENTISTS

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CAN LOOK AT THIS TINY, MINUTE

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DETAIL THAT YOU CANNOT REALLY

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SEE HERE ON EARTH.

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THAT'S WHY WE GO UP THERE.

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>> SOMETIMES THE EXPERIMENTS

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WHERE WE ARE MAKING THINGS

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HAPPEN AND OTHER TIMES WE'LL SET

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UP THE EXPERIMENT AND THEY WILL

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RUN IT REMOTELY FROM THE GROUND.

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THEY CAN RUN AN EXPERIMENT FROM

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THEIR COMPUTER FROM DOWN HERE

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AND BE HAPPENING UP ON THE SPACE

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STATION.

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PAOLO IS WORKING ON THIS, WE ARE

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BURNING FLAMES.

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WE HAD ONE CALLED COOL FLAMES,

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IT TAKES FLAMES AND WE ARE ABLE

254
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TO BURN THINGS AT 800° INSTEAD

255
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OF 1200.

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IF WE CAN DO THAT, WE CAN MAKE

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AIRPLANES SAFER OR LIGHTER.

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WE CAN BURN THINGS MORE

259
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EFFICIENTLY.

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>> AND SO WHAT I WAS SAYING

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BEFORE THAT YOU CAN BE A GUINEA

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PIG.

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HERE'S A COMPLEX EXPERIMENT WE

264
00:10:01,000 --> 00:10:02,501
WERE RUNNING ON THE EUROPEAN

265
00:10:02,568 --> 00:10:04,904
SPACE AGENCY LABORATORY THERE.

266
00:10:04,971 --> 00:10:06,806
IT'S AN EXPERIMENT WHERE YOU

267
00:10:06,872 --> 00:10:09,508
TAKE YOUR LEG AND HOOK IT UP TO

268
00:10:09,575 --> 00:10:11,744
A MACHINE AND THEN THE MACHINE

269
00:10:11,811 --> 00:10:13,346
MAKES YOUR LEG MOVE, YOU TRY TO

270
00:10:13,412 --> 00:10:14,313
MOVE THE MACHINE.

271
00:10:14,380 --> 00:10:19,018
IT'S A VERY LONG, STRESSFUL

272
00:10:19,085 --> 00:10:19,418
EXPERIMENT.

273
00:10:19,485 --> 00:10:22,188
WE USE ELECTRIC SHOCK TO SHOCKER

274
00:10:22,254 --> 00:10:25,791
THE MUSCLES SO THEY CONTRACT,

275
00:10:25,858 --> 00:10:29,695
AND THE MACHINE MEASURES THE

276
00:10:29,762 --> 00:10:29,996
FORCE.

277
00:10:30,062 --> 00:10:33,666
>> THE HUMAN BEING, THE BODIES

278
00:10:33,733 --> 00:10:38,270
ARE AFFECTED BY NO GRAVITY.

279
00:10:38,337 --> 00:10:39,305
WE ARE MOVING AROUND WITH OUR

280
00:10:39,372 --> 00:10:39,605
HANDS.

281
00:10:39,672 --> 00:10:42,375
IF THE MUSCLES AREN'T WORKING,

282
00:10:42,441 --> 00:10:44,310
THEY ARE STARTING TO ATROPHY,

283
00:10:44,377 --> 00:10:48,247
LIKE IF YOU STAYED IN BED FOR A

284
00:10:48,314 --> 00:10:50,016
MONTH OR TWO MONTHS.

285
00:10:50,082 --> 00:10:55,788
IF THAT HAPPENS, YOUR BONES LOSE

286
00:10:55,855 --> 00:10:56,122
DENSITY.

287
00:10:56,188 --> 00:10:57,857
SO WE GET TO MARS, WE ARE ABLE

288
00:10:57,923 --> 00:10:58,958
TO WORK.

289
00:10:59,025 --> 00:11:03,095
THIS PARTICULAR EXPERIMENT,

290
00:11:03,162 --> 00:11:04,797
PAOLO MENTIONED ABOUT ZAPPING IT

291
00:11:04,864 --> 00:11:06,098
WITH ELECTRICITY.

292
00:11:06,165 --> 00:11:08,934
WE CAN TELL OUR MIND TO MOVE OUR

293
00:11:09,001 --> 00:11:09,268
MUSCLES.

294
00:11:09,335 --> 00:11:12,371
YOUR MUSCLES HAVE A LOT MORE

295
00:11:12,438 --> 00:11:14,540
CAPABILITY THAN WHAT YOUR MIND

296
00:11:14,607 --> 00:11:16,542
TELLS YOU.

297
00:11:16,609 --> 00:11:17,943
THEN THEY ZAP IT TO SEE HOW MUCH

298
00:11:18,010 --> 00:11:19,445
MORE ABILITY YOUR MUSCLE HAS

299
00:11:19,512 --> 00:11:21,047
MORE THAN WHAT YOU ARE THINKING.

300
00:11:21,113 --> 00:11:23,682
WE DO THAT TESTING ON THE GROUND

301
00:11:23,749 --> 00:11:25,651
AND IN SPACE TO SEE IF THERE IS

302
00:11:25,718 --> 00:11:26,619
A DIFFERENCE.

303
00:11:26,685 --> 00:11:27,553
>> IT WAS FUN.

304
00:11:27,620 --> 00:11:30,056
>> IT WAS FUN WHEN IT WAS OVER.

305
00:11:30,122 --> 00:11:32,958
>> THAT'S WHY WE HAVE THAT

306
00:11:33,025 --> 00:11:34,560
PICTURE, IT'S DONE, NO MORE

307
00:11:34,627 --> 00:11:35,528
SHOCKING FOR TODAY.

308
00:11:35,594 --> 00:11:37,630
>> WHEN YOU LOOK UP, WHAT YOU

309
00:11:37,696 --> 00:11:39,031
ARE SEEING RIGHT NOW.

310
00:11:39,098 --> 00:11:41,167
THAT IS PAOLO AND I WORKING.

311
00:11:41,233 --> 00:11:42,835
YOU CAN SEE A TABLET.

312
00:11:42,902 --> 00:11:44,236
THE SAME TECHNOLOGY YOU HAVE AT

313
00:11:44,303 --> 00:11:46,072
HOME OR SCHOOL, USING A TABLET

314
00:11:46,138 --> 00:11:49,275
TO BE ABLE TO DO YOUR HOMEWORK

315
00:11:49,341 --> 00:11:51,610
OR LOOK ON-LINE, WE USE ON THE

316
00:11:51,677 --> 00:11:54,346
SPACE STATION TO GO THROUGH OUR

317
00:11:54,413 --> 00:11:54,747
PROCEDURES.

318
00:11:54,814 --> 00:11:57,049
WE ACTUALLY DO MORE STUFF FOR

319
00:11:57,116 --> 00:11:58,584
EXPLORATION GOING LONG

320
00:11:58,651 --> 00:11:58,951
DISTANCES.

321
00:11:59,018 --> 00:12:02,555
HERE'S JOE ACABA LOOKING AT OUR

322
00:12:02,621 --> 00:12:04,690
SPECIAL EXPERIMENT CALLED

323
00:12:04,757 --> 00:12:05,057
VEGGIE.

324
00:12:05,124 --> 00:12:07,760
WE GREW THREE TYPES OF LETTUCE.

325
00:12:07,827 --> 00:12:09,562
YOU GO TO A GROCERY STORE AND

326
00:12:09,628 --> 00:12:11,564
YOU GO INTO THE PRODUCE SECTION,

327
00:12:11,630 --> 00:12:14,567
THE LETTUCE, YOU DON'T SMELL

328
00:12:14,633 --> 00:12:17,036
LETTUCE, YOU SMELL LEMONS AND

329
00:12:17,103 --> 00:12:17,369
ORANGES.

330
00:12:17,436 --> 00:12:19,738
BUT WHEN YOU ARE IN A SPACE

331
00:12:19,805 --> 00:12:21,607
CAPSULE AND ALL YOU SMELL IS

332
00:12:21,674 --> 00:12:23,943
EACH OTHER, GUESS WHAT, LETTUCE

333
00:12:24,009 --> 00:12:25,711
HAS A REALLY GOOD SMELL.

334
00:12:25,778 --> 00:12:31,484
>> ACTUALLY, HOUSTON TOLD US WE

335
00:12:31,550 --> 00:12:32,651
COULD TAKE A LITTLE LEAVE AND

336
00:12:32,718 --> 00:12:33,385
TEST IT.

337
00:12:33,452 --> 00:12:36,021
I THOUGHT IT'S A PIECE OF GRASS,

338
00:12:36,088 --> 00:12:38,524
LETTUCE, IT DOESN'T TASTE LIKE

339
00:12:38,591 --> 00:12:39,258
NOTHING.

340
00:12:39,325 --> 00:12:41,427
INSTEAD, IT WAS AN AMAZING

341
00:12:41,494 --> 00:12:41,727
TASTE.

342
00:12:41,794 --> 00:12:44,864
WHEN YOU DON'T TASTE LETTUCE

343
00:12:44,930 --> 00:12:46,632
WHEN, YOUR SENSES ARE DUMBED

344
00:12:46,699 --> 00:12:49,902
DOWN BECAUSE OF THE CLOSED

345
00:12:49,969 --> 00:12:51,270
ENVIRONMENT, YOU TASTE LETTUCE,

346
00:12:51,337 --> 00:12:53,372
YOU UNDERSTAND WHAT HUMANS CAN

347
00:12:53,439 --> 00:12:55,307
DO AND WHAT IT MEANS TO HAVE

348
00:12:55,374 --> 00:12:56,709
THESE SENSES.

349
00:12:56,775 --> 00:12:58,110
IT'S INCREDIBLE.

350
00:12:58,177 --> 00:13:00,212
>> WE DO A LOT OF OTHER THINGS

351
00:13:00,279 --> 00:13:01,447
ON THE SPACE STATION.

352
00:13:01,514 --> 00:13:03,149
WE GET TO GO AND LOOK AT THE

353
00:13:03,215 --> 00:13:03,449
EARTH.

354
00:13:03,516 --> 00:13:04,783
THAT'S ONE OF OUR FAVORITE

355
00:13:04,850 --> 00:13:06,886
THINGS TO DO, TO TAKE PICTURES

356
00:13:06,952 --> 00:13:08,921
OF THE EARTH AND TRY TO SHARE

357
00:13:08,988 --> 00:13:10,923
THE INCREDIBLE BEAUTY WITH YOU

358
00:13:10,990 --> 00:13:11,223
GUYS.

359
00:13:11,290 --> 00:13:13,826
WE HAVE DONE THAT VIA OUR SOCIAL

360
00:13:13,893 --> 00:13:15,928
MEDIA, THE NASA WEB PAGES.

361
00:13:15,995 --> 00:13:21,467
ALL YOU HAVE TO DO IS GOOGLE THE

362
00:13:21,534 --> 00:13:22,735
NASA SPACE PICTURES, YOU CAN SEE

363
00:13:22,801 --> 00:13:23,836
THESE THINGS.

364
00:13:23,903 --> 00:13:26,105
WE HAD TO DO REPAIRS ON THE

365
00:13:26,172 --> 00:13:27,173
INSIDE AND OUTSIDE.

366
00:13:27,239 --> 00:13:29,275
WE GET INTO OUR SPACE SUITS, TWO

367
00:13:29,341 --> 00:13:32,378
AT A TIME, AND WE BUTTON THEM

368
00:13:32,444 --> 00:13:35,314
UP, DO LEAK CHECKS AND HEAD

369
00:13:35,381 --> 00:13:35,915
OUTSIDE.

370
00:13:35,981 --> 00:13:39,919
YOU GOT 300 POUNDS, BUT YOU ARE

371
00:13:39,985 --> 00:13:43,856
IN YOUR OWN SPACECRAFT.

372
00:13:43,923 --> 00:13:47,693
WE HAVE PEOPLE INSIDE FLYING THE

373
00:13:47,760 --> 00:13:49,461
ROBOTIC ARM AND FLYING THEM

374
00:13:49,528 --> 00:13:51,564
AROUND THE DIFFERENT WORK SITES.

375
00:13:51,630 --> 00:13:53,265
IT'S A BIG TEAM EFFORT TO GET

376
00:13:53,332 --> 00:13:54,066
THAT DONE.

377
00:13:54,133 --> 00:13:57,403
WE ALSO DO A LOT OF OUTREACH.

378
00:13:57,469 --> 00:13:59,505
>> PART OF THE ACTIVITY WE DO

379
00:13:59,572 --> 00:14:02,208
THERE IS TALKING TO SCHOOL KIDS

380
00:14:02,274 --> 00:14:02,675
LIKE YOU.

381
00:14:02,741 --> 00:14:04,944
WE HAD THE OPPORTUNITY TO TALK

382
00:14:05,010 --> 00:14:07,146
TO SCHOOLS ALL OVER THE WORLD,

383
00:14:07,213 --> 00:14:10,583
IN EUROPE, IN JAPAN, IN UNITED

384
00:14:10,649 --> 00:14:10,950
STATES.

385
00:14:11,016 --> 00:14:12,284
AND IT'S ALL INTERESTING, ALL

386
00:14:12,351 --> 00:14:14,687
THE QUESTIONS WE GET AND THE WAY

387
00:14:14,753 --> 00:14:16,989
THAT THINGS ARE FRAMED.

388
00:14:17,056 --> 00:14:19,225
>> FUN TO BE ABLE TO SHOW YOU

389
00:14:19,291 --> 00:14:23,462
GUYS WHAT IT'S LIKE TO BE UP

390
00:14:23,529 --> 00:14:23,862
THERE.

391
00:14:23,929 --> 00:14:24,530
GUESS WHAT?

392
00:14:24,597 --> 00:14:25,664
>> WE HAD THE OPPORTUNITY OF

393
00:14:25,731 --> 00:14:27,666
BEING UP THERE ON HALLOWEEN.

394
00:14:27,733 --> 00:14:32,438
I DECIDED, I WANT TO BE A REAL

395
00:14:32,504 --> 00:14:33,272
SPIDER MAN.

396
00:14:33,339 --> 00:14:35,407
I BROUGHT UP SOME COSTUMES AND

397
00:14:35,474 --> 00:14:37,376
WE PLAYED AROUND A LITTLE BIT.

398
00:14:37,443 --> 00:14:40,446
I WAS ACTUALLY ABLE TO FLY IN

399
00:14:40,512 --> 00:14:42,581
SPACE GRABS LIKE SPIDER MAN.

400
00:14:42,648 --> 00:14:47,319
>> AND MY KIDS PICKED OUT MY

401
00:14:47,386 --> 00:14:53,459
COSTUME, I WAS THE MINION.

402
00:14:53,525 --> 00:14:56,662
I HAD A BIRTHDAY WHILE I WAS UP

403
00:14:56,729 --> 00:14:56,962
THERE.

404
00:14:57,029 --> 00:15:00,666
WE CELEBRATED THE BIRTHDAY.

405
00:15:00,733 --> 00:15:06,672
WE DON'T HAVE TO HAVE CANDLES.

406
00:15:06,739 --> 00:15:10,509
WE GOT TO PUT ON OUR SPACE

407
00:15:10,576 --> 00:15:12,611
HAWAIIAN SHIRTS AND HAD ALOHA

408
00:15:12,678 --> 00:15:14,780
FRIDAYS AND THEY JOINED US ON

409
00:15:14,847 --> 00:15:16,682
THE MISSION AND WEAR THEIR

410
00:15:16,749 --> 00:15:17,816
HAWAIIAN SHIRTS ON FRIDAY.

411
00:15:17,883 --> 00:15:19,718
>> WE WERE SURFING IN SPACE.

412
00:15:19,785 --> 00:15:21,387
WE WERE SHOWING OFF.

413
00:15:21,453 --> 00:15:22,788
THEN AT A CERTAIN POINT IT WAS A

414
00:15:22,855 --> 00:15:25,457
MOMENT WHERE I KIND OF

415
00:15:25,524 --> 00:15:26,859
COMPLAINED WITH THE MANAGER WE

416
00:15:26,925 --> 00:15:31,463
DON'T GET TO DO PIZZA IN SPACE.

417
00:15:31,530 --> 00:15:33,532
SURE ENOUGH, THEY SEND US A FEW

418
00:15:33,599 --> 00:15:36,468
THINGS WE COULD MAKE PIZZA.

419
00:15:36,535 --> 00:15:38,470
I THOUGHT, NOTHING CAN COMPARE

420
00:15:38,537 --> 00:15:40,773
TO A REALLY GOOD ITALIAN PIZZA.

421
00:15:40,839 --> 00:15:42,975
BUT ACTUALLY, IN SPACE, EVEN

422
00:15:43,042 --> 00:15:45,878
THOUGH WITH ALL THE LITTLE

423
00:15:45,944 --> 00:15:47,079
PROBLEMS THAT WE HAVE, YOU CAN

424
00:15:47,146 --> 00:15:48,347
REALLY NOT COOK PIZZA.

425
00:15:48,414 --> 00:15:51,684
WE WERE ABLE TO HAVE OUR OWN

426
00:15:51,750 --> 00:15:54,086
SPECIAL PIZZA, YOU DID

427
00:15:54,153 --> 00:15:54,453
PEPPERONI.

428
00:15:54,520 --> 00:15:57,022
>> I DID THE MEAT LOVERS,

429
00:15:57,089 --> 00:15:59,591
COVERED IN PEPPERONI.

430
00:15:59,658 --> 00:16:02,027
AND IT STUCK TO IT BECAUSE OF

431
00:16:02,094 --> 00:16:04,830
THE SURFACE TENSION, IT HOLDS IT

432
00:16:04,897 --> 00:16:06,765
ON TO THE PIZZA DOUGH.

433
00:16:06,832 --> 00:16:08,267
>> I DID OLIVES.

434
00:16:08,334 --> 00:16:10,269
I HAD TO SHARE IT.

435
00:16:10,336 --> 00:16:13,205
SO I TOOK A PAIR OF SCISSORS.

436
00:16:13,272 --> 00:16:15,240
IT'S REALLY INCREDIBLE BECAUSE

437
00:16:15,307 --> 00:16:17,609
EVERYTHING FLOATS AWAY.

438
00:16:17,676 --> 00:16:22,881
IT'S NICE WHEN YOUR PIZZA IS

439
00:16:22,948 --> 00:16:24,917
FLOATING AWAY AND COME BACK

440
00:16:24,983 --> 00:16:25,217
HERE.

441
00:16:25,284 --> 00:16:27,853
>> THEY ARE FLOATABLE SAUCERS OF

442
00:16:27,920 --> 00:16:29,788
THE EDIBLE KIND.

443
00:16:29,855 --> 00:16:33,459
THEN IT WAS TIME TO COME HOME.

444
00:16:33,525 --> 00:16:34,526
ANOTHER THREE CREW MEMBERS WERE

445
00:16:34,593 --> 00:16:38,197
GOING TO COME UP.

446
00:16:38,263 --> 00:16:42,434
AFTER 2,224 ORBITS OF THE EARTH

447
00:16:42,501 --> 00:16:44,737
OR 58,835,000 MILES, IT WAS TIME

448
00:16:44,803 --> 00:16:48,407
FOR US TO GO AHEAD AND COME ON

449
00:16:48,474 --> 00:16:48,907
HOME.

450
00:16:48,974 --> 00:16:51,610
AND WE ENDED UP COMING BACK,

451
00:16:51,677 --> 00:16:59,785
LANDING IN MINUS 15° WEATHER IN

452
00:16:59,852 --> 00:17:00,185
KAZAKHSTAN.

453
00:17:00,252 --> 00:17:04,857
WE WERE GLAD TO BE HOME DECEMBES

454
00:17:04,923 --> 00:17:05,791
FOR CHRISTMAS.

455
00:17:05,858 --> 00:17:10,496
>> THAT LOOKS LIKE AN INCREDIBLE

456
00:17:10,562 --> 00:17:10,796
TRIP.

457
00:17:10,863 --> 00:17:11,964
THANKS FOR SHARING US.

458
00:17:12,030 --> 00:17:15,501
>> DID BEING A MARINE HELP TO

459
00:17:15,567 --> 00:17:17,302
BECOME AN ASTRONAUT?

460
00:17:17,369 --> 00:17:20,873
>> I WAS FORTUNATE TO GET A

461
00:17:20,939 --> 00:17:22,908
SCHOLARSHIP TO GO TO COLLEGE AND

462
00:17:22,975 --> 00:17:24,109
THEN BECOME A PILOT.

463
00:17:24,176 --> 00:17:27,379
I LEARNED ABOUT TEAM WORK,

464
00:17:27,446 --> 00:17:29,882
DEPENDING ON YOUR CREW MATE AND

465
00:17:29,948 --> 00:17:31,450
WORKING HARD AND MAKE SURE YOU

466
00:17:31,517 --> 00:17:32,651
DIDN'T LET THEM DOWN.

467
00:17:32,718 --> 00:17:34,286
PLUS, THE THINGS I WAS ABLE TO

468
00:17:34,353 --> 00:17:38,090
LEARN IN THE MARINE CORPS WITH

469
00:17:38,157 --> 00:17:39,691
TRAINING AS FAR AS BEING A

470
00:17:39,758 --> 00:17:42,494
PILOT, TRAIN TO DO THE MISSION

471
00:17:42,561 --> 00:17:43,996
WITH THE AIRPLANE I WAS ASSIGNED

472
00:17:44,062 --> 00:17:44,663
TO FLY.

473
00:17:44,730 --> 00:17:47,666
IT WAS EXCITING TO REPRESENT THE

474
00:17:47,733 --> 00:17:48,834
MARINE CORPS IN SPACE AND SHARE

475
00:17:48,901 --> 00:17:51,537
GREAT PICTURES OF MARINE CORPS

476
00:17:51,603 --> 00:17:53,138
FLAGS ALL OVER THE EARTH.

477
00:17:53,205 --> 00:17:54,940
THEY SERVE OTHER PEOPLE JUST

478
00:17:55,007 --> 00:17:57,276
LIKE ASTRONAUTS SERVE HUMANKIND.

479
00:17:57,342 --> 00:17:58,877
WE ARE WORKING TOGETHER TO

480
00:17:58,944 --> 00:18:02,381
FURTHER THE HUMAN EXPLORATION OF

481
00:18:02,448 --> 00:18:02,681
SPACE.

482
00:18:02,748 --> 00:18:05,350
>> YOU WERE IN THE MILITARY,

483
00:18:05,417 --> 00:18:05,617
TOO.

484
00:18:05,684 --> 00:18:07,886
>> MY PREVIOUS LIFE, I LIKE TO

485
00:18:07,953 --> 00:18:10,155
CALL IT BEFORE I BECAME AN

486
00:18:10,222 --> 00:18:11,723
ENGINEER, I WAS IN THE ARMY.

487
00:18:11,790 --> 00:18:14,359
I ENDED UP WORKING FOR THE

488
00:18:14,426 --> 00:18:18,063
SPECIAL FORCES THAT REQUIRE ME

489
00:18:18,130 --> 00:18:21,099
TO REALLY PUSH MYSELF IN EVERY

490
00:18:21,166 --> 00:18:21,567
DIRECTION.

491
00:18:21,633 --> 00:18:25,003
IT REALLY TAUGHT ME THAT WITH

492
00:18:25,070 --> 00:18:27,539
THE RIGHT EQUIPMENT, THE RIGHT

493
00:18:27,606 --> 00:18:29,374
EDUCATION, YOU NEED TO STUDY AND

494
00:18:29,441 --> 00:18:30,809
KNOW WHAT'S GOING ON.

495
00:18:30,876 --> 00:18:32,110
WITH THE RIGHT TRAINING AND

496
00:18:32,177 --> 00:18:34,179
ABOVE ALL, WITH THE RIGHT TEAM,

497
00:18:34,246 --> 00:18:37,149
YOU CAN REALLY GO WHERE YOU

498
00:18:37,216 --> 00:18:40,786
THINK IT'S IMPOSSIBLE TO GO.

499
00:18:40,853 --> 00:18:43,889
>> WHAT WAS ONE OF THE COOLEST

500
00:18:43,956 --> 00:18:46,458
SCIENCE EXPERIMENTS YOU DID IN

501
00:18:46,525 --> 00:18:46,758
SPACE?

502
00:18:46,825 --> 00:18:52,464
>> AS A CREW, WE DID 300 PLUS

503
00:18:52,531 --> 00:18:52,865
EXPERIMENTS.

504
00:18:52,931 --> 00:18:54,967
I WOULD HAVE DIFFICULTIES IN

505
00:18:55,033 --> 00:18:56,668
SAYING WHICH ONE WAS THE COOLEST

506
00:18:56,735 --> 00:18:56,935
ONE.

507
00:18:57,002 --> 00:18:59,171
A LOT OF EXPERIMENTS WE SHOWED

508
00:18:59,238 --> 00:19:01,373
BEFORE A PICTURE OF THIS, THIS

509
00:19:01,440 --> 00:19:03,275
IS A FLUID EXPERIMENT.

510
00:19:03,342 --> 00:19:05,777
HAS TO DO WITH FLUIDS AND HEAT

511
00:19:05,844 --> 00:19:07,813
AND HOW THINGS CHANGE.

512
00:19:07,880 --> 00:19:11,016
IT'S AN INCREDIBLE EXPERIMENT.

513
00:19:11,083 --> 00:19:13,986
I HAVE DIFFICULTY UNDERSTANDING.

514
00:19:14,052 --> 00:19:17,256
I'M THERE TOUCHING THE BOTTOMS.

515
00:19:17,322 --> 00:19:19,157
THE ONE WE COULD TOUCH WHEN WE

516
00:19:19,224 --> 00:19:21,627
SAW THE LETTUCE GROW AND WE

517
00:19:21,693 --> 00:19:24,229
TASTED IT, THAT WAS ALSO VERY

518
00:19:24,296 --> 00:19:25,297
NICE.

519
00:19:25,364 --> 00:19:27,633
WE HAD MANY TO DO WITH MEASURING

520
00:19:27,699 --> 00:19:30,536
OUR BODY, TAKING BLOOD.

521
00:19:30,602 --> 00:19:32,437
WE HAD SOME ANIMALS ON BOARD

522
00:19:32,504 --> 00:19:35,007
THAT WE HAD TO TAKE CARE OF.

523
00:19:35,073 --> 00:19:37,142
IT WAS, ALL OF THAT WAS

524
00:19:37,209 --> 00:19:37,543
INTERESTING.

525
00:19:37,609 --> 00:19:38,877
I WOULD HAVE A HARD TIME TO

526
00:19:38,944 --> 00:19:39,778
MENTION ONE.

527
00:19:39,845 --> 00:19:44,716
EVERY DAY YOU HAVE FUN IN AN

528
00:19:44,783 --> 00:19:46,251
INCREDIBLE NUMBER OF DIFFERENT

529
00:19:46,318 --> 00:19:46,585
FIELDS.

530
00:19:46,652 --> 00:19:47,352
>> WHAT ABOUT YOU?

531
00:19:47,419 --> 00:19:50,656
>> THE ANIMALS WE HAD, WE HAD AN

532
00:19:50,722 --> 00:19:52,824
EXPERIMENT OF MICE FROM JAPAN.

533
00:19:52,891 --> 00:19:55,260
HALF WE LET STAY IN ZERO

534
00:19:55,327 --> 00:19:55,594
GRAVITY.

535
00:19:55,661 --> 00:19:57,029
THEY FLOATED AROUND.

536
00:19:57,095 --> 00:20:02,301
THE OTHER ONES, WE SPUN THEM IN

537
00:20:02,367 --> 00:20:02,701
CENTRIFUGE.

538
00:20:02,768 --> 00:20:04,670
ONLY TIME THEY HAD ZERO GRAVITY

539
00:20:04,736 --> 00:20:08,507
WAS A FEW MINUTES.

540
00:20:08,574 --> 00:20:11,376
WE WERE TAKING SAMPLES AND

541
00:20:11,443 --> 00:20:12,411
OBSERVING THEM.

542
00:20:12,477 --> 00:20:15,614
IT WAS FUNNY TO SEE A MOUSE IN

543
00:20:15,681 --> 00:20:17,649
ZERO GRAVITY, THEY ARE FREAKING

544
00:20:17,716 --> 00:20:19,818
OUT TRYING TO GET AHOLD OF

545
00:20:19,885 --> 00:20:20,185
SOMETHING.

546
00:20:20,252 --> 00:20:22,387
I WONDER IF THAT'S WHAT I LOOK

547
00:20:22,454 --> 00:20:24,189
LIKE WHEN I GOT ZERO GRAVITY FOR

548
00:20:24,256 --> 00:20:25,290
THE FIRST TIME.

549
00:20:25,357 --> 00:20:31,763
WITH THOSE MICE, WE STUDY HOW

550
00:20:31,830 --> 00:20:34,933
THEIR BODIES AND BONES CHANGED.

551
00:20:35,000 --> 00:20:38,203
THAT HELPS US UNDERSTAND OUR

552
00:20:38,270 --> 00:20:38,570
BODIES.

553
00:20:38,637 --> 00:20:40,839
AND THAT WILL GIVE US COUNTER

554
00:20:40,906 --> 00:20:42,874
MEASURES WHEN WE GO TO MARS TO

555
00:20:42,941 --> 00:20:45,611
MAKE SURE OUR BODIES STAY IN THE

556
00:20:45,677 --> 00:20:47,779
BEST SHAPE THEY CAN.

557
00:20:47,846 --> 00:20:51,683
>> PAOLO AND RANDY RAN A LOT OF

558
00:20:51,750 --> 00:20:52,084
EXPERIMENTS.

559
00:20:52,150 --> 00:20:54,886
BEFORE THEY LAUNCHED, COMRADE

560
00:20:54,953 --> 00:20:57,756
WORKED WITH US TO RUN LESSONS

561
00:20:57,823 --> 00:21:00,192
YOU CAN RUN IN YOUR CLASSROOM.

562
00:21:00,258 --> 00:21:02,594
LET'S CHECK OUT ISS SCIENCE.

563
00:21:02,661 --> 00:21:09,234
♪

564
00:21:09,301 --> 00:21:12,738
>> HELLO, RANDY BRESNIK.

565
00:21:12,804 --> 00:21:15,273
I'M HERE TO TALK ABOUT PUFFY

566
00:21:15,340 --> 00:21:16,642
HEAD, BIRD LEGS, THAT'S WHAT

567
00:21:16,708 --> 00:21:17,409
HAPPENS TO US.

568
00:21:17,476 --> 00:21:19,678
ALL THE FLUID IN OUR BODY CAN

569
00:21:19,745 --> 00:21:21,680
NOW GO WHERE IT NEEDS TO AND

570
00:21:21,747 --> 00:21:23,115
IT'S THE SAME PRESSURE.

571
00:21:23,181 --> 00:21:25,083
RIGHT NOW I GOT ALL THIS WATER

572
00:21:25,150 --> 00:21:27,486
IN MY LEGS, I HAVE ENOUGH WATER

573
00:21:27,552 --> 00:21:30,222
IN MY HEAD SO I DON'T PASS OUT.

574
00:21:30,288 --> 00:21:33,125
WHEN YOU GET TO SPACE, A GALLON

575
00:21:33,191 --> 00:21:36,061
AND A HALF OF WATER TO COUNTER

576
00:21:36,128 --> 00:21:38,997
ACT GRAVITY MAKES YOUR HEAD

577
00:21:39,064 --> 00:21:39,297
PUFFY.

578
00:21:39,364 --> 00:21:41,900
YOU HUNG UPSIDE DOWN FOR HALF AN

579
00:21:41,967 --> 00:21:43,902
HOUR, THAT WOULD BE HOW YOUR

580
00:21:43,969 --> 00:21:45,203
HEAD FEELS.

581
00:21:45,270 --> 00:21:48,240
UNTIL YOU GET PAST THE DAY, DAY

582
00:21:48,306 --> 00:21:51,643
AND A HALF MARK, WHERE YOU CAN

583
00:21:51,710 --> 00:21:54,479
URINATE THAT, IT'S A PRETTY

584
00:21:54,546 --> 00:21:56,081
STUFFY AND PUFFY HEAD.

585
00:21:56,148 --> 00:21:58,083
NOW OVER TO MARTY AND BETH TO

586
00:21:58,150 --> 00:21:58,750
LEARN MORE.

587
00:21:58,817 --> 00:22:00,218
>> THANKS.

588
00:22:00,285 --> 00:22:02,521
LET'S TALK ABOUT PUFFY HEAD,

589
00:22:02,587 --> 00:22:04,356
BIRD LEGS.

590
00:22:04,423 --> 00:22:06,892
>> THIS IS ASTRONAUT.

591
00:22:06,958 --> 00:22:08,627
HE'S FILLED WITH FLUID.

592
00:22:08,694 --> 00:22:10,595
AND IT'S DOWN HERE IN HIS FEET.

593
00:22:10,662 --> 00:22:12,964
>> IF YOU HAVE STOOD ON YOUR

594
00:22:13,031 --> 00:22:14,566
FEET FOR A LONG TIME, YOU NOTICE

595
00:22:14,633 --> 00:22:15,467
THEY SWELL UP.

596
00:22:15,534 --> 00:22:17,269
THE FLUID IS MAKING ITS WAY DOWN

597
00:22:17,335 --> 00:22:18,470
TO YOUR FEET.

598
00:22:18,537 --> 00:22:21,106
>> LET'S SEE WHAT HAPPENS WHEN

599
00:22:21,173 --> 00:22:24,309
WE FLIP HIM UPSIDE DOWN.

600
00:22:24,376 --> 00:22:25,844
THAT FLUID RUSHES TO HIS HEAD

601
00:22:25,911 --> 00:22:29,247
AND LEAVES THE FOOT REGION.

602
00:22:29,314 --> 00:22:30,849
>> THIS HAPPENS TO ASTRONAUTS

603
00:22:30,916 --> 00:22:33,151
WHEN THEY GO INTO SPACE.

604
00:22:33,218 --> 00:22:35,620
THIS FLUID IS NOT PULLED DOWN BY

605
00:22:35,687 --> 00:22:35,987
GRAVITY.

606
00:22:36,054 --> 00:22:39,658
IT GETS UP INTO YOUR HEAD

607
00:22:39,725 --> 00:22:42,160
UNDERSTAND GET A PUFFY HEAD AND

608
00:22:42,227 --> 00:22:43,195
LITTLE BIRD LEGS.

609
00:22:43,261 --> 00:22:45,330
>> IF YOU WANT TO TRY THIS IN

610
00:22:45,397 --> 00:22:47,733
YOUR CLASSROOM, HEAD TO THE

611
00:22:47,799 --> 00:22:50,368
WEBSITE AND CHECK OUT THE LESSON

612
00:22:50,435 --> 00:22:50,669
PLAN.

613
00:22:50,736 --> 00:22:52,070
>> TELL ME ABOUT WHAT YOU TOOK

614
00:22:52,137 --> 00:22:53,038
UP INTO SPACE.

615
00:22:53,105 --> 00:22:55,907
>> I HAD THE HELP OF MY CHILDREN

616
00:22:55,974 --> 00:22:57,709
TO PICK THIS ONE OUT.

617
00:22:57,776 --> 00:23:00,746
AND THEY FOUND THIS, THEY SAID

618
00:23:00,812 --> 00:23:03,148
TAKE THIS IN SPACE, THIS IS FUN.

619
00:23:03,215 --> 00:23:06,718
HAVE ANY OF YOU TOUCHED ONE OF

620
00:23:06,785 --> 00:23:07,018
THESE?

621
00:23:07,085 --> 00:23:08,587
THIS IS THE ONE THAT YOU WILL

622
00:23:08,653 --> 00:23:12,023
SEE IN THE VIDEO THAT FLEW IN

623
00:23:12,090 --> 00:23:14,025
SPACE.

624
00:23:14,092 --> 00:23:16,394
>> WHAT I THINK IS COOL ABOUT

625
00:23:16,461 --> 00:23:18,430
THIS, IT'S A GREAT DEMONSTRATION

626
00:23:18,497 --> 00:23:21,199
OF NEWTON'S LAWS USING SOMETHING

627
00:23:21,266 --> 00:23:21,967
YOU ARE FAMILIAR WITH.

628
00:23:22,033 --> 00:23:23,535
WAS IT A LOT OF FUN?

629
00:23:23,602 --> 00:23:24,870
>> IT WAS.

630
00:23:24,936 --> 00:23:27,906
IF YOU SEE ME TOUCH IT AND LET

631
00:23:27,973 --> 00:23:31,076
GO OF IT, IT WOULD STILL BE

632
00:23:31,143 --> 00:23:31,443
SPINNING.

633
00:23:31,510 --> 00:23:33,011
>> ARE YOU READY TO TAKE

634
00:23:33,078 --> 00:23:33,378
QUESTION?

635
00:23:33,445 --> 00:23:34,012
>> ABSOLUTELY.

636
00:23:34,079 --> 00:23:36,915
>> LET'S GO TO AUDIENCE

637
00:23:36,982 --> 00:23:37,282
QUESTION.

638
00:23:37,349 --> 00:23:38,750
>> I'M LESLIE.

639
00:23:38,817 --> 00:23:41,019
WHAT KIND OF THINGS DO

640
00:23:41,086 --> 00:23:42,888
ASTRONAUTS DO ON THE SPACE

641
00:23:42,954 --> 00:23:43,221
STATION?

642
00:23:43,288 --> 00:23:46,424
>> WE CAN DO A LOT OF FUN

643
00:23:46,491 --> 00:23:47,159
THINGS.

644
00:23:47,225 --> 00:23:49,361
ONE OF THE NICEST THINGS IS TO

645
00:23:49,427 --> 00:23:50,929
LOOK AT THE EARTH.

646
00:23:50,996 --> 00:23:54,533
JUST PUT YOUR NOSE ON THIS

647
00:23:54,599 --> 00:23:55,667
WINDOW, YOU CAN LOOK AT THE

648
00:23:55,734 --> 00:23:56,001
EARTH.

649
00:23:56,067 --> 00:23:58,770
YOU SEE THE PLANET PASSING BY

650
00:23:58,837 --> 00:24:02,908
AND IT'S PASSING AT 4 MILES PER

651
00:24:02,974 --> 00:24:03,241
SECOND.

652
00:24:03,308 --> 00:24:05,010
IN AN HOUR AND A HALF, YOU SEE

653
00:24:05,076 --> 00:24:06,711
THE WHOLE EARTH PASSING UNDER

654
00:24:06,778 --> 00:24:07,879
YOU.

655
00:24:07,946 --> 00:24:09,447
SEASONS, DAY, NIGHT, EVERYTHING

656
00:24:09,514 --> 00:24:10,849
LIKE THIS.

657
00:24:10,916 --> 00:24:13,985
BUT THEN WE CAN PLAY AROUND,

658
00:24:14,052 --> 00:24:18,390
RANDY, THE SPINNER, THE FIDGET.

659
00:24:18,456 --> 00:24:21,226
>> WE DID ONE DEMONSTRATION

660
00:24:21,293 --> 00:24:25,030
WHERE WE HAD A BUNGEE CORD AND

661
00:24:25,096 --> 00:24:26,565
WE PULLED IT BACK.

662
00:24:26,631 --> 00:24:28,733
WE WERE PULLING BACK WITH THE

663
00:24:28,800 --> 00:24:30,135
SAME AMOUNT OF FORCE.

664
00:24:30,202 --> 00:24:33,171
WE SHOT THINGS OF DIFFERENT SIZE

665
00:24:33,238 --> 00:24:34,372
AND WEIGHT.

666
00:24:34,439 --> 00:24:37,142
WE STARTED OFF WITH A THING OF

667
00:24:37,209 --> 00:24:38,777
CHAP STICK.

668
00:24:38,844 --> 00:24:41,413
THEN WE TRY SOMETHING BIGGER, A

669
00:24:41,479 --> 00:24:44,850
LITTLE MODEL OF ORION

670
00:24:44,916 --> 00:24:45,483
SPACECRAFT.

671
00:24:45,550 --> 00:24:50,522
AND IT WENT THROUGH A HUGE TRASH

672
00:24:50,589 --> 00:24:50,822
BAG.

673
00:24:50,889 --> 00:24:53,859
WE THREAT GO AND IT FLOATED OFF

674
00:24:53,925 --> 00:24:54,159
SLOW.

675
00:24:54,226 --> 00:24:56,795
TO SHOW YOU GUYS, LIKE MARTY

676
00:24:56,862 --> 00:24:59,564
SAID, PHYSICS IN ACTION IN ZERO

677
00:24:59,631 --> 00:25:01,867
GRAVITY, THAT WAS ONE OF THE FUN

678
00:25:01,933 --> 00:25:02,200
THINGS.

679
00:25:02,267 --> 00:25:07,205
>> WE WERE PLAYING WITH FOOD.

680
00:25:07,272 --> 00:25:09,140
CAN YOU IMAGINE WHAT YOU CAN DO

681
00:25:09,207 --> 00:25:11,142
WITH FLOOD FLOATING AROUND ON

682
00:25:11,209 --> 00:25:12,210
THE SPACE STATION?

683
00:25:12,277 --> 00:25:13,111
THAT'S WHAT WE DID.

684
00:25:13,178 --> 00:25:16,681
>> WE HAVE AN ON-LINE QUESTION

685
00:25:16,748 --> 00:25:21,720
NEXT FROM AN ASTRONAUT WANNA-BE.

686
00:25:21,786 --> 00:25:23,655
WHAT IS EXPECTED FOR A PERSON

687
00:25:23,722 --> 00:25:24,723
COULD BE EXPECTED?

688
00:25:24,789 --> 00:25:27,525
>> RIGHT NOW, IN ANY COUNTRY,

689
00:25:27,592 --> 00:25:29,561
YOU GOT TO BE ABLE TO HAVE A

690
00:25:29,628 --> 00:25:32,364
BASIC EDUCATION AND MOST REQUIRE

691
00:25:32,430 --> 00:25:34,900
A BACHELOR'S DEGREE IN SCIENCE,

692
00:25:34,966 --> 00:25:38,103
MATH, ENGINEERING OR THOSE TYPES

693
00:25:38,169 --> 00:25:39,237
OF FIELDS.

694
00:25:39,304 --> 00:25:40,705
THAT'S THE BASIS FOR THE WORK WE

695
00:25:40,772 --> 00:25:42,140
ARE DOING.

696
00:25:42,207 --> 00:25:45,644
MANY PEOPLE HAVE ADVANCED

697
00:25:45,710 --> 00:25:46,678
DEGREES AS WELL AS GRADUATE

698
00:25:46,745 --> 00:25:46,978
WORK.

699
00:25:47,045 --> 00:25:48,780
THE BIGGEST THING IS ONCE YOU

700
00:25:48,847 --> 00:25:51,116
GET AN EDUCATION, BECOMING

701
00:25:51,182 --> 00:25:52,484
EXCELLENT IN THAT FIELD IS THE

702
00:25:52,550 --> 00:25:52,751
KEY.

703
00:25:52,817 --> 00:25:57,055
IF YOU LOOK AT ANY OF THE

704
00:25:57,122 --> 00:25:58,790
ASTRONAUT BIOGRAPHIES, ANYBODY

705
00:25:58,857 --> 00:26:00,825
THAT'S BEEN IN SPACE FROM ANY

706
00:26:00,892 --> 00:26:01,159
COUNTRY.

707
00:26:01,226 --> 00:26:02,394
THEY ARE ALL SIMILAR.

708
00:26:02,460 --> 00:26:03,895
SOMEONE HAS WORKED HARD TO GET

709
00:26:03,962 --> 00:26:05,864
THEIR EDUCATION, BUT THEN GONE

710
00:26:05,931 --> 00:26:07,966
ON TO BE GOOD IN THEIR FIELD AND

711
00:26:08,033 --> 00:26:10,735
A WIDE VARIETY OF INTEREST.

712
00:26:10,802 --> 00:26:14,406
PEOPLE THAT ARE CONCERT PIANISTS

713
00:26:14,472 --> 00:26:17,442
THAT ARE AN ENGINEER.

714
00:26:17,509 --> 00:26:19,511
ONE GENTLEMAN PLAYED

715
00:26:19,577 --> 00:26:21,780
PROFESSIONAL SOCCER TO PUT

716
00:26:21,846 --> 00:26:24,182
HIMSELF TO BECOME A DOCTOR AND

717
00:26:24,249 --> 00:26:25,483
THEN AN ASTRONAUT.

718
00:26:25,550 --> 00:26:29,220
AND GUYS LIKE PAOLO, AN ENGINEER

719
00:26:29,287 --> 00:26:35,126
AND FLOWN IN SPACE 300 TIMES.

720
00:26:35,193 --> 00:26:36,695
>> 300 DAYS.

721
00:26:36,761 --> 00:26:39,130
>> WIDE VARIETY AND BEING

722
00:26:39,197 --> 00:26:40,932
EXCELLENCE ARE THE PATH.

723
00:26:40,999 --> 00:26:42,968
>> YOU NEED TO SPEAK ENGLISH, BY

724
00:26:43,034 --> 00:26:44,269
THE WAY.

725
00:26:44,336 --> 00:26:45,303
MINIMUM, WHICH IS OBVIOUS FOR

726
00:26:45,370 --> 00:26:49,374
YOU GUYS, BUT NOT SO MUCH FOR US

727
00:26:49,441 --> 00:26:49,774
FOREIGNERS.

728
00:26:49,841 --> 00:26:52,210
THAT'S A REQUIREMENT, TOO.

729
00:26:52,277 --> 00:26:53,311
>> THANK YOU SO MUCH.

730
00:26:53,378 --> 00:26:55,447
WE ARE JUST ABOUT OUT OF TIME.

731
00:26:55,513 --> 00:26:57,749
WE WANT YOU TO TUNE IN NEXT WEEK

732
00:26:57,816 --> 00:27:00,318
AS WE LOOK AT OBSERVATORIES AND

733
00:27:00,385 --> 00:27:01,987
HOW WE KNOW WHAT'S OUT THERE.

734
00:27:02,053 --> 00:27:06,925
>> DID YOU KNOW YOU DO NOT NEED

735
00:27:06,992 --> 00:27:09,027
THE HUBBLE SPACE TELESCOPE TO

736
00:27:09,094 --> 00:27:11,062
VIEW DIFFERENT GALAXIES.

737
00:27:11,129 --> 00:27:17,736
YOU CAN USE A PAIR OF

738
00:27:17,802 --> 00:27:18,136
BINOCULARS.

739
00:27:18,203 --> 00:27:19,738
IS IT SAFE TO LOOK AT THE SUN,

740
00:27:19,804 --> 00:27:22,240
HOW DO YOU FIND A BLACK HOLE.

741
00:27:22,307 --> 00:27:27,379
IF YOU WANT TO KNOW WHAT WE

742
00:27:27,445 --> 00:27:30,315
KNOW, BE SURE TO CHECK OUT STEM

743
00:27:30,382 --> 00:27:31,516
IN 30.

744
00:27:31,583 --> 00:27:33,685
>> WHILE COMRADE WAS IN SPACE,

745
00:27:33,752 --> 00:27:35,387
WE HAD AN OPPORTUNITY TO TALK TO

746
00:27:35,453 --> 00:27:37,422
HIM AND HE HAD A LITTLE SURPRISE

747
00:27:37,489 --> 00:27:38,056
FOR US.

748
00:27:38,123 --> 00:27:39,958
IF YOU CHECK OUT THE VIDEO, YOU

749
00:27:40,025 --> 00:27:42,560
WILL SEE WE WERE EXCITED ABOUT

750
00:27:42,627 --> 00:27:42,861
THIS.

751
00:27:42,927 --> 00:27:45,764
TOOK ONE OF OUR BOOK MARKS INTO

752
00:27:45,830 --> 00:27:46,064
SPACE.

753
00:27:46,131 --> 00:27:49,167
THAT WAS ABSOLUTELY INCREDIBLE.

754
00:27:49,234 --> 00:27:49,934
COMRADE, THANK YOU FOR DOING

755
00:27:50,001 --> 00:27:51,336
THAT FOR US.

756
00:27:51,403 --> 00:27:57,409
>> WE WERE VERY, VERY --

757
00:27:57,475 --> 00:27:57,776
[LAUGHTER]

758
00:27:57,842 --> 00:28:02,447
>> BACK FROM SPACE WITH

759
00:28:02,514 --> 00:28:04,182
58 MILLION-MILES ON IT.

760
00:28:04,249 --> 00:28:05,617
HERE'S YOUR BOOK MARK.

761
00:28:05,683 --> 00:28:06,851
>> THANK YOU.

762
00:28:06,918 --> 00:28:08,219
THANK YOU SO MUCH FOR DOING

763
00:28:08,286 --> 00:28:08,520
THAT.

764
00:28:08,586 --> 00:28:11,423
WE WANT TO THANK PAOLO AND RANDY

765
00:28:11,489 --> 00:28:14,192
FOR COMING OUT TODAY AND

766
00:28:14,259 --> 00:28:15,427
PROVIDENCE MIDDLE SCHOOL.

767
00:28:15,493 --> 00:28:17,295
>> AND THANK BOEING FOR